ABSTRACT
As known,simultaneous determination of various chemical indicators is one of the future trends in quality control of traditional Chinese medicines because of the extremely complex chemical compositions. This project is to screen the quality markers that can accurately control the quality of the Bufonis Venenum by exploring the intrinsic correlation of components. In this study,venom of Bufo bufo gargarizans from 17 different sources were used as research samples,and the contents of 7 bufogenin were determined by HPLC-DAD. Then,the data obtained were analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis and principal component analysis( PCA). In addition,a stepwise regression analysis was used to establish a predictive model for the contents of the seven bufogenin components( independent variable) and the total contents of the bufogenin( dependent variable). The results indicated that there is a significant positive correlation between the contents of telocinobufagin and cinobufotalin,and there is a significant positive correlation between the contents of bufalin,cinobufagin and resibufogenin. In contrast,the contents of telocinobufagin and cinobufotalin are negatively correlated with the contents of bufalin,cinobufagin and resibufogenin. However,the correlation between gamabufotalin and bufotalin and other components are not obvious. Furthermore,further study found that there is a correlation between the sum of the contents of bufalin,cinobufagin and telocinobufagin and the total contents of the bufogenin. In fact,the application of bufalin,cinobufagin and telocinobufagin as the quality control indicators of the Bufonis Venenum can better reflect the quality characteristics of the Bufonis Venenum compared with the previous quality control indicators. The conclusions will provide a reference for the revision of the quality standards of the Bufonis Venenum.
Subject(s)
Animals , Amphibian Venoms , Chemistry , Bufanolides , Bufo bufo , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Quality ControlABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Unicompartment knee arthroplasty (UKA) is gradually applied in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis, and the management of perioperative blood loss is a hot spot in clinical research. It is very important to control perioperative blood loss and changes in hemoglobin level for postoperative rapid recovery. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes in the blood-related indexes during the management of perioperative blood loss in UKA, so as to provide technical reference and data reference for clinical application. METHODS: Clinical data 70 patients undergoing UKA at the Department of Bone and Joint of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine from January to December 2015 were analyzed retrospectively, and received the management of perioperative blood loss. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage volume, total blood loss and rate of blood transfusion were recorded; the preoperative hemoglobin, albumin, coagulation indexes, D-dimer, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein were investigated. The effect of operation on the postoperative blood loss and drainage volume was analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The operation time was (89.36±19.89) minutes, intraoperative blood loss was (39.71±23.64) mL, postoperative drainage volume was (56.21±34.21) mL, and rate of autologous blood transfusion was 0. (2) The operation time exerted no effect on the intraoperative blood loss (P=0.685 7), but affected on the postoperative drainage volume (P=0.021 6). (3) The total postoperative blood loss was little, and the blood loss did not differ significantly at 3 hours, 1, 3 and 7 days postoperatively (P > 0.05). (4) There was a slight decline in hemoglobin on days 1-3 after surgery, and then returned slowly; the erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein increased rapidly within 1 day after surgery and declined within 1-3 days; the D-dimer rapidly increased on day 1 after surgery, then rapidly decreased on days 1-3, and then slowly increased on days 3-7; the plasma total protein and albumin were stable and fluctuated in the normal range within 1-3 days. (5) These results suggest that the UKA had short operation time, few total blood loss and slight fluctuation, and the blood-related indexes exhibit different fluctuations. Moreover, the preoperative management of blood loss can reduce the total blood loss and rate of blood transfusion..
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Periprosthetic infection after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has become the most serious complication. However, there is still a lack of clinical study on the distribution of pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, understanding the distribution characteristics of the main pathogenic bacteria is critical for preventing and treating OBJECTIVE: To analyze the bacteriological characteristics in the patients with periprosthetic joint infection following TKA, so as to provide reference for early prevention and treatment. METHODS: CNKI, VIP, WanFang and PubMed databases were retrieved for the literature concerning periprosthetic infection following TKA published before 2016. The incidence of periprosthetic joint infection after TKA was statistically analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) 103 articles were included, involving 1 399 patients. (2) The main pathogenic bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus,coagulase negative Staphylococcus aureus,Staphylococcus epidermidis,Escherichia coli, Streptococcus and Enterococcus.There is no significant difference in the distribution of bacteria at home and abroad. Treatment strategies are divided into conservative and surgical treatments. (3) The key for successfully preventing and treating periprosthetic infection after TKA lies in the multiple disciplinary team collaboration, understanding the distribution of bacteria, early diagnosis and active preventive measurements, as well as rational treatment strategies.